Resumo

We followed the function and the diversity by the metagenomics and metatranscriptomics of the microbial community in distinct mangroves via next-generation sequencing (Illumina HiSeq, 2000). The taxonomical compositions of the microbial communities were made via predict protein genes using the N5RN database, and the functional characteristics were accessing based on the SEED subsystems. Integrated metatranscriptomic and metagenomic analyses of the ribosomal and predicting protein genes were evaluated for the differences in the expression of RNA (%)/DNA (%). The total DNA (72.21%), RNA (35.75%), and enriched RNAm (67.47%) sequences showed that, among the methods utilized, there was an increase (31.7%) of sequence affiliates to the proteins in the enriched RNAm. The relative abundance of taxonomic groups was sometimes different in the DNA and RNA. Proteobacteria (75.9% to 61.5%), Bacterioidetes (6.2% to 3.0%), Firmicutes (3.3% to 3.2%), Actinobacteria (2.1% to 1.4%), and Chlorofexi (4.2% to 0.6%) were dominant in terms of DNA and RNA respectively. Sub-phyla Epsilonproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria showed an overexpression in the mangrove soil that contained oil. The functional characterization of highly expressed genes suggested taxon-specific contributions to specific biogeochemical processes. Examples included Deltaproteobacteria, which confirmed its importance in this environment with its higher expression (RNA) to genes liking nitrogen fixation (20.2% to 50.4%), denitrification (35.7% to 53.5%), and sulfur reduction (36.2% to 45.5%), after Gammaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, to three pathways. In the sulfur oxidation class, Betaproteobacteria (18.3% to 48.2%) was followed by Gammaproteobacteria (18.3% to 27.2%). Epsilonproteobacteria had a high expression in oil contaminated mangroves (above 18%). Moreover, Burkholderia and Chromatiales showed that genes were metabolically active in nitrogen fixation, denitrification, and sulfur oxidation. The group of Chromatiales showed an expression to sulfur reduction, and Campylobacterales showed activity to oxidation. On the other hand, in taxonomic analysis groups with a higher abundance (equal or above 1%), none varied statistically in their overexpression (except Epsilon/Betaproteobacteria and Clostridia). In total, the data support the utility of coupled DNA and RNA analysis for describing the taxonomic and functional attributes of microbial communities in their mangrove soil.